For the SR users i seen no relationships ranging from urinary Na + excretion and SBP

Discussion

In the current study, using data from the DASH–Sodium trial, during screening when participants are consuming their normal dietary intake, we report a slope increment of an elevation in SBP of approximately 3 mmHg across the urinary Na + excretion range of 2–5 g/day in SS, but not SR participants. However, when assessed across the full range of observed urinary Na + excretion values we did not observe a positive correlation between SBP and urinary Na + excretion in either SS or SR participants. Significantly, despite urinary K + excretion of <1 g K + /day associating with higher SBP in SS and SR participants further increments in urinary K + excretion did not correlate with a reduction in SBP in either participant group. Furthermore, at baseline screening we did not observe a correlation between the urinary Na + :K + excretion ratio irrespective of the salt sensitivity of blood pressure. As such our data, from the DASH–Sodium Trial, in US participants at both baseline screening and following a highly controlled dietary intervention does not support the hypothesis that a reduced urinary Na + :K + ratio will be beneficial in population level blood pressure reduction or support the proposal for a urinary Na + :K + molar ratio of <1 to lower blood pressure.

Following Dash weightloss intervention we observed zero relationship ranging from a great urinary Na + :K + ratio and you may SBP in a choice of SS or SR professionals

Compared to the Sheer , INTERSALT , and you will INTERMAP training, that situated a people level self-confident association ranging from urinary Na + removal and blood pressure level, the new Dash–Sodium Demo allows the fresh new establishment of your own salt sensitivity away from bloodstream tension from inside the demo users. Alternatively, into the SS players we observed a mountain increment off a rise during the SBP of just one.step three mmHg each step one grams increase in urinary Na + excretion along side excretion set of step three–5 g Na + /day that’s contained in this typical mediocre set of daily Na + consumption in america . In contrast, when assessed along side entire a number of seen urinary Na + excretion, we noticed no relationship ranging from urinary Na + excretion and you can SBP in either SS or SR members. I imagine which difference between an optimistic relationships anywhere between SBP and you may urinary Na + https://datingranking.net/ excretion when you look at the requested directory of losing weight Na + removal away from step three–5 grams/big date no relationship along the over range of values reflects the newest feeling of numerous members regarding the Dash–Sodium research exhibiting higher degrees of urinary Na + removal, greater than 5 g/time, and you can comparatively lower hypertension. Notably, the benefits gotten within data to have an increase in SBP contained in this 3–5 g/date Na + removal resembles one to gotten regarding the Absolute data and this stated a positive mountain increment away from a-1.eight mmHg escalation in SBP for each 1 g rise in urinary Na + removal over the same list of Na + excretion thinking . The essential difference between the new observed escalation in SBP in response in order to increased urinary Na + removal ranging from Dashboard-Sodium and you will Sheer ple proportions and you can racial backgrounds of users and you can (2) the possibility variations in approaches to evaluate pee stuff of 24-h urine collection compared to the an evaluation from a single morning room pee shot on the Dash-Salt rather than Pure Study correspondingly. All of our studies service recommendations to help you limitation weight-loss Na + consumption [5, 24] and you may advise that quicker slimming down salt consumption might only straight down SBP in SS patients.

The influence of K + intake on blood pressure remains controversial, with conflicting data emerging from multiple clinical studies . In a randomized controlled trial conducted in free living non-dietary regulated participants with a mean SBP of 132 mmHg and not taking blood pressure lowering medication, K + intake was increased by dietary intake (via fruit and vegetable intake) or direct K + supplements. In this study increased K + intake up to 40 mmol/day had no impact on blood pressure [22, 26]. A separate randomized placebo-controlled crossover trial was conducted in participants who have never received antihypertensive medication with mildly elevated blood pressure . Participants were maintained on their normal diet and received K + at 64 mmol/day for a 4-week period as either potassium chloride or bicarbonate-in this study there was no effect of K + supplementation on office blood pressure . In contrast in a randomized placebo-controlled, crossover study, in which untreated patients with a mean SBP of 145 mmHg blood pressure received 4 weeks of supplemental K + at 3 g/day and a diet relatively low in Na + reported a reduction in SBP of 3.9 mmHg. Beyond the highly controlled trials discussed above the PURE study reports that for each increment of 1 g/day of urinary K + excretion there is a reduction of 0.75 mmHg in SBP across the excretion range of <1.25 to 3 g K + /day . In the DASH–Sodium data, we observed an elevation in SBP in both SS and SR participants when urinary K + excretion was below 1 g/day. However, we did not observe any correlation between urinary K + excretion and SBP or an impact of urinary K + excretion on SBP over the range of <1 to >3 g K + excretion per day. We speculate that discrepancy between the PURE study data and our own analysis of the DASH-Sodium data may reflect the difference in SBP response to urinary K + excretion reported in PURE between Chinese and non-Chinese participants. Chinese participants exhibited a large reduction in SBP with increased urinary K + excretion versus a smaller SBP effect in participants from the rest of the world. As the DASH-Sodium trial did not contain Chinese participants this may have influenced the outcome.